Saturday, September 21, 2013

Unit 2: Jamie McKenzie’s Grazing the Net

Unfortunately, Jamie McKenzie’s future is not here, although progress is being made. Still too often teachers maintain the ‘smokestack school’ mentality, especially in districts where high stakes testing encourage teachers to ‘teach to the test’ and learning success is measured by the mark received on a test that requires regurgitation of predetermine knowledge.

For many teachers whose students face common assessments / CRTs, the thought of allowing students to puzzle their way through piles of information – sorting, sifting, weighing, and arranging time until a picture emerges – is a frightening one. The question almost inevitably arises, “Is this the best way to make use of the time I have to prepare my students for the common assessments?”

And why wouldn’t teachers feel this way? Late each September, principles meet with school board officials to discuss in-depth the latest round of common assessment results. By mid-October each school has a ‘data day’ in which the ‘success and failures’ of the students on the common assessment are discussed. Here, it is poignantly pointed out where your class ranks in comparison to previous years, as well as in comparison to the province and the district. There are pressures that are placed on teachers to maintain the status quo. It is hard not to given in to the pressure to be a ‘smokestack teacher’.

There are also issues with the curriculum itself.  In Newfoundland and Labrador schools, we are still very far away from Jamie McKenzie’s ideas. Many of our objectives are very narrow in scope and are stated in a way that makes it too easy for teachers to use approaches that are more objective in nature. For example, the grade 6 Health program was developed over 20 years ago. Since then there has been tremendous change in technology and in pedagogical approaches, however the curriculum has not kept up with this change.

On a related side note, one thing that I have always found interesting about the curriculum objectives are that they are written from / for a teacher’s perspective. It would make better sense to me if they were written from / for a student’s perspective, using language that a student would understand and relate to. But then again, maybe it is intentional that this interpretation is left to the teacher so that they can design lessons based on the curricular objective based on the dynamics of each class. Using McKenzie’s ideas, it might be worth a try to allow students to try to interpret each objective and develop questions relating to it to explore. Through exploration of the questions they generated and additional questions that would/may arise during the exploration students would gain a greater understanding of the curricular objective. Once students have finished their exploration they can them evaluate the answers they have found by asking questions to validate their findings.

Quoting Hyman (1980), McKenzie pointed out for every 38 teacher questions in a typical classroom there is but one student question. I feel that although teachers have become much better at asking higher level questions (analysis, synthesis, and evaluation), we still have a long way to go in creating an environment where the majority of questions of any kind are student generated and led.

I agree with many of Jamie McKenzie’s ideas. However, I had to chuckle at his reference to ‘eductainment’ since I see this use quite often and have used it myself from time to time. McKenzie’s suggestions of having intense student questioning before, during and after using the Internet helps students frame their purpose, refine their purpose, and evaluate the findings and the process. By allowing students to take greater control over the questioning the teacher is transferring to the students the power to control the direction of their learning. This type of empowerment can not only affect the students’ learning in class for a particular topic, but also can be transferred to the students’ entire life.

As a teacher I have been trying to redefine my approach to educating students by integrating technology into the learning environment. One approach that has been successful in doing this effectively is constructivism. McKenzie’s approach has a lot of constructivist underpinnings. Some of these include encouraging and accepting student autonomy and initiative; using raw data and primary sources, along with manipulative, interactive, and physical materials; and allowing students responses to drive lessons, shift instructional strategies, and alter content.

McKenzie lists a large number of skills that will aid in successful Internet utilization by students. When reading this list one will have to keep in mind McKenzie’s love of metaphors and analogies. Again, it is easy to see how these skills fit a constructivist approach. These skills include:
Framing essential questions
Identifying subsidiary questions
Planning a cyberspace voyage
Learning on the run
Changing course
Exploiting serendipity
Asking for help
Asking for directions
Screening and compacting garbage
Sorting data
Analyzing data
Navigating in the dark
Navigating in the mud
Scanning from the crow's nest
Building and testing models
Creating fresh answers and insight (synthesis)

McKenzie is quite right in his list of reasons why sometimes our use of the Internet does not lead us to the ‘fruits of our labor’. This happens quite often due to the use of flawed search strategies, biased databases, overloaded databases, or use of the wrong database. We have all experienced sites that have flawed or incorrect information; unfortunately many students do not recognize these sites for what they are and are therefore misinformed. As McKenzie points out, if we do not equip our students with the reasoning and exploration skills required to cope with Info-Glut and Info-Tactics, then our students could find themselves in Info-Hell instead of Info-Heaven.


No comments:

Post a Comment